Exploring Constructors and Method Overloading

[sachinbhatt]

I've been investigating Java classes and came across constructors and method overloading. While I grasp the fundamentals, I'm having some issues with my code implementation. Here's a sample of code I wrote to show constructors and method overloading:

// Class with multiple constructors and method overloading
class Calculator {
    // Default constructor
    Calculator() {
        System.out.println("Calculator object created");
    }

    // Constructor with one parameter
    Calculator(int num) {
        System.out.println("Calculator object created with number: " + num);
    }

    // Method overloading
    int add(int num1, int num2) {
        return num1 + num2;
    }

    double add(double num1, double num2) {
        return num1 + num2;
    }
}

// Main class to demonstrate constructors and method overloading
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator calc1 = new Calculator(); // Output: "Calculator object created"
        Calculator calc2 = new Calculator(10); // Output: "Calculator object created with number: 10"

        System.out.println("Sum of integers: " + calc1.add(5, 3)); // Output: "Sum of integers: 8"
        System.out.println("Sum of doubles: " + calc2.add(2.5, 3.5)); // Output: "Sum of doubles: 6.0"
    }
}

While attempting to implement constructors and method overloading, I noticed various issues with my code:

Constructor Complexity: Although I have defined several constructors, I am not sure whether I have arranged them appropriately. Is there a more efficient approach to implement constructors in Java classes, particularly when there are several constructor variants?

Ambiguity in Method Overloading: Despite having overloaded add() methods for both integer and double data types, I'm not sure if the method overloading implementation is correct. Are there any potential conflicts or ambiguities that might result from method overloading, and if so, how can I deal with them?

Output Discrepancy: While I assume the add() methods' outputs to be valid as indicated on that page, I'm not sure whether there are any edge situations or circumstances in which method overloading may generate unexpected results. How can I assure consistent and accurate results while using method overloading in Java?

Code Optimization: Although the code has constructors and method overloading, I'm looking for suggestions on how to enhance its organization and performance. Are there any changes or refactorings I should do to improve the readability and efficiency of the code?

I'd be grateful if you could help me handle these issues and provide feedback on how to improve my Java constructor and method overloading code.