I guess it was done on purpose and while I am using a German keyboard, too, I don't think it has to do with different national keyboard layouts.
The capital Phi we get by "F" followed by Ctrl-G.

Pressing "f" and Ctrl-G gives us

which indeed is some sort of lower case phi, but sure not the one I would prefer.
To get the desired lower case phi we have to use "j" and Ctrl-G, as you probably found out yourself

If you look for the Greek alphabet in Wikipedia (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griechisches_Alphabet#Klassische_Zeichen) you can see that the lower case phi preferred by Prime is indeed listed as being a variant to the"normal" one we would prefer.
This said I sure would appreciate PTC to exchange the keyboard shorts for the two different lower case phi.
But then it may indeed be a case of national differences. I notice that in LaTeX you get the "ugly" phi by writing \phi and the "normal" one by using \varphi. So "our" phi is considered being the variant in LaTeX.
So maybe in the US the phi preferred by Prime is the "standard" one ?? But then I ask myself why real Mathcad uses "our" standard phi, which IMHO also is much less easy to confuse with the large Phi than the one preferred by Prime.